well, a literal comparison to slavery I guess doesn't get us too far, due to the number of points of dissimilarity. However, there is a gunbarrel. The state, ultimately, has the threat of violence to back up all other means of social control. But it's often not needed.<br><br>Your own statement about the homeless would be an example of how effective propaganda can be. First off, the homeless are, themselves, propaganda...as so many are just a paycheck loss away from that situation themselves. It's a real disincentive to bucking the system.<br><br>Secondly, having lived and worked in a community comprised of homeless people and volunteers who served them, I found all kinds of homeless people. Mostly, we saw young, African-American men. This isn't because there aren't women and children who are homeless, but because there are far more programs that accept them. Often, for example, shelters that will accept women and children will not even accept men, even if they are fathers of the children or husbands of the women.<br><br>I found a great number of them to have some level of mental illness, including, of course, addiction. Robert...you are quite aware of HOW drugs get into this country...are you equally aware of the devastation they can cause to individuals and families who don't have the access to resources to kick the addiction? Treatment on demand would be FAR cheaper than jail...but alas, for the poor, jail often IS the only place they get even a minimum of mental health care. And usually not even that.<br><br>There are also people suffering from depression (perhaps often resulting FROM the condition.) Have you ever suffered from depression? Do you know how poor mental health insurance coverage, should you even have insurance coverage, can be? And, of course, there are those "stereotypical" crazy homeless people we have all enountered. Guess what, had things been slightly different, my wife might have been among them. Mental illness is no joke. Do you know about the deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill in the 60's? All those community mental health clinics supposed to fill the gap...didn't happen. Still hasn't (Not calling for a roundup of the mentally ill, the institutions were horrible. Still are. Just pointing out one cause of homelessness.)<br><br>Another group that predominates withing the homeless, and there's a great deal of overlap, are veterans. I don't imagine I have to point out the ironies of THAT. Compare and contrast to the GI Bill after World War 2.<br><br><!--EZCODE QUOTE START--><blockquote><strong><em>Quote:</em></strong><hr>How many homeless veterans are there?<br><br>Although accurate numbers are impossible to come by ... no one keeps national records on homeless veterans ... the VA estimates that nearly 200,000 veterans are homeless on any given night. And more than half a million experience homelessness over the course of a year. Conservatively, one out of every three homeless males who is sleeping in a doorway, alley, or box in our cities and rural communities has put on a uniform and served our country ... now they need America to remember them.<br><br><!--EZCODE AUTOLINK START--><a href="http://www.nchv.org/background.cfm">www.nchv.org/background.cfm</a><!--EZCODE AUTOLINK END--><br><hr></blockquote><!--EZCODE QUOTE END--><br> <br>And that sound you hear is Iraq veterans knocking on the shelter door. Thrown in a little Post Traumatic Stress syndrome...<br><br>Now, I suppose you meant to say that you did not feel sorry for the homeless who were actually responsible for their condition.<br><br>Well, most of the men in Atlanta among the homeless were black. Atlanta, of course, has a large black population. As you surely know, the incarceration rate for young black men is astronomical. Despite representing only 12% of the population, African-Americans make up over 40% of those incarcerated (as of midyear 2002 according to: <!--EZCODE AUTOLINK START--><a href="http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/usa/incarceration/)">www.hrw.org/backgrounder/...ceration/)</a><!--EZCODE AUTOLINK END--><br><br>Here's a handy graphic:<br><br><!--EZCODE IMAGE START--><img src="http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/usa/incarceration/images/figure2.gif" style="border:0;"/><!--EZCODE IMAGE END--><br><br>the numbers refer to the ration of percentage of black prisoners to percentage of overall black population in the state.<br><br>A larger report from Human Rights Watch is available here:<br>http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/usa/incarceration/<br>But let's not focus on one race. You are also well aware and opposed to the fact that incarceration rates in general have gone off the chart. The U.S. incarcerates more people per capita than any other country. The incarceration rate has quadrupled since 1980 while, ironically and despite media hype, violent crime rates have remained fairly constant. You were in California, I think. Remember the three strikes laws? How many stories did YOU hear about someone going to jail for 25 years for a third offense that would have gotten maybe probation not long ago?<br><br>And make no mistake, these particular people ARE providing slave labor. Not a well covered story, but true nonetheless.<br><br><br><br><!--EZCODE QUOTE START--><blockquote><strong><em>Quote:</em></strong><hr>HISTORY OF PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES<br><br>Prison labor has its roots in slavery. After the 1861-1865 Civil War, a system of "hiring out prisoners" was introduced in order to continue the slavery tradition. Freed slaves were charged with not carrying out their sharecropping commitments (cultivating someone else’s land in exchange for part of the harvest) or petty thievery – which were almost never proven – and were then "hired out" for cotton picking, working in mines and building railroads. From 1870 until 1910 in the state of Georgia, 88% of hired-out convicts were Black. In Alabama, 93% of "hired-out" miners were Black. In Mississippi, a huge prison farm similar to the old slave plantations replaced the system of hiring out convicts. The notorious Parchman plantation existed until 1972.<br><br>During the post-Civil War period, Jim Crow racial segregation laws were imposed on every state, with legal segregation in schools, housing, marriages and many other aspects of daily life. "Today, a new set of markedly racist laws is imposing slave labor and sweatshops on the criminal justice system, now known as the prison industry complex," comments the Left Business Observer.<br><br>Who is investing? At least 37 states have legalized the contracting of prison labor by private corporations that mount their operations inside state prisons. The list of such companies contains the cream of U.S. corporate society: IBM, Boeing, Motorola, Microsoft, AT&T, Wireless, Texas Instrument, Dell, Compaq, Honeywell, Hewlett-Packard, Nortel, Lucent Technologies, 3Com, Intel, Northern Telecom, TWA, Nordstrom’s, Revlon, Macy's, Pierre Cardin, Target Stores, and many more. All of these businesses are excited about the economic boom generation by prison labor. Just between 1980 and 1994, profits went up from $392 million to $1.31 billion. Inmates in state penitentiaries generally receive the minimum wage for their work, but not all; in Colorado, they get about $2 per hour, well under the minimum. And in privately-run prisons, they receive as little as 17 cents per hour for a maximum of six hours a day, the equivalent of $20 per month. The highest-paying private prison is CCA in Tennessee, where prisoners receive 50 cents per hour for what they call "highly skilled positions." At those rates, it is no surprise that inmates find the pay in federal prisons to be very generous. There, they can earn $1.25 an hour and work eight hours a day, and sometimes overtime. They can send home $200-$300 per month.<br><br>Thanks to prison labor, the United States is once again an attractive location for investment in work that was designed for Third World labor markets. A company that operated a maquiladora (assembly plant in Mexico near the border) closed down its operations there and relocated to San Quentin State Prison in California. In Texas, a factory fired its 150 workers and contracted the services of prisoner-workers from the private Lockhart Texas prison, where circuit boards are assembled for companies like IBM and Compaq.<br><br>Oregon State Representative Kevin Mannix recently urged Nike to cut its production in Indonesia and bring it to his state, telling the shoe manufacturer that "there won’t be any transportation costs; we’re offering you competitive prison labor (here)."<br><br>http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2005/octubre/juev13/42carceles.html<br><hr></blockquote><!--EZCODE QUOTE END--><br><br>Combine this fact with the fact that we are increasingly turning prisons themselves into for-profit industries run byc companies like CCA (based here in nashville) and Wackenhut (that's a familiar name, Octopus fans) and you see that there may be more to our burgeoning incarceration rates than just a "war on crime."<br><br>But, eventually, these guys get out of jail. And onto the streets. Tough to get jobs, except in the "underground economy." Rinse and repeat.<br><br>Add to this the number of single women, sole caregivers of their children. 20 percent or so are classified as living in poverty. (after government benefits. About 35% before government benefits are received. That's about 4 million people living in these households headed by single women. Yeah, they can get a bartender job and lose what government benefits (especially healthcare) they currently have. <br><br>Overall, there are over 34 million people living in poverty in the U.S. You managed the poverty rate as a single man. Not always so easy with kids in the mix. But I AM impressed. the povert level for a single man is just over 9000 bucks a year. So your frugality is impressive. <br><br>Keep in mind that among these in poverty, 12 million or so are children. I think I recall you arent' much of a fan of public schools...we'll save that debate for another time....but it's no secret that public schools in poor neighborhoods often lag far behind other public schools. <br><br>And, given the conditions in which these kids live...coming to school without a good breakfast, parents not in the home (out working at that bartending job), violence in their neighborhoods, gangs, drugs...etc. they've got a lot of challenges ahead. <br><br>yeah, some will make it out. And some will die. And some will go to jail. And some will live their lives of quiet desperation. <br><br><br>the point is that there are so many very real barriers that keep the poor locked in place. The fact that a few make it through...well, that sure makes us feel better doesn't it? It's the fault of the people living in poverty that they are poor. Mustn't feel sorry for them. <br><br>Here's an article about the shrinking middle class, as more and more middle class folks set their sites lower and decide they are tired of living in comfort. Or else they are getting lazy.
http://www.factcheck.org/article249.html (the article is a "factcheck" article on Kerry's campaign statements about the economy. But the data is from the Census Bureau.)<br><br>so, maybe slavery isn't the right word...and given scollon's...unique...perspective on this...I distance myself from his whole argument, whatever it actually turns out to be. But I stand by the fact that there are real obstacles for advancing out of the lowest economic classes. Furthermore, I maintain that, since a pool of cheap labor is ALWAYS in demand by business, the system is designed to keep it that way. <p></p><i></i>