
Moderators: Elvis, DrVolin, Jeff
The creation of a bronze snake (the Nehustan) is attributed to Moses in the Book of Numbers.
Then the LORD sent poisonous serpents among the people, and they bit the people, so that many Israelites died. The people came to Moses and said, "We have sinned by speaking against the LORD and against you; pray to the LORD to take away the serpents from us." So Moses prayed for the people. And the LORD said to Moses, "Make a poisonous serpent, and set it on a pole; and everyone who is bitten shall look at it and live." So Moses made a serpent of bronze, and put it upon a pole; and whenever a serpent bit someone, that person would look at the serpent of bronze and live.[2]
The documentary hypothesis attributes these passages to the Elohist source recounting a folk tradition concerning a northern cult image.[citation needed]
Archaeological excavations at sites associated with Midianite ware at the ruins of Seti II's temple to Hathor at Timna, in Edomite Seir, have unearthed copper statues of serpents. [3] Whether these were cult images similar to the Nehushtan is unknown.
Nehushtan was possibly set up in Jerusalem by Ahaz. [4][unreliable source?] The biblical book of 2 Kings says that King Hezekiah destroyed the Nehustan. The destruction of the Nehustan was encouraged by the priests of the first temple who favoured a centralised monotheistic religion and did not entertain other religious places.[citation needed] The name "Nehushtan" may indicate that Hezekiah meant to disparage the image as a brazen thing, a mere piece of brass (2 Kings 18:4). This, however, may be a subtle play on words: heb. נחש (nachash) means "serpent" while נחשת (nachoshet) means "brass" or "bronze".[citation needed]
When the king came to the throne of Judah in the late 8th century BC:
"He removed the high places, and brake the images, and cut down the groves, and brake in pieces the brasen serpent that Moses had made: for unto those days the children of Israel did burn incense to it: and he called it Nehushtan." 2 Kings 18:4
An 18th-century Protestant image: The Brazen Serpent, by Benjamin West; among the overthrown, an unmistakable reference to the LaocoönThe dual -an ending might signify that the idol was actually of two snakes upon the pole, leading some to see a similarity with the familiar entwined snakes on the staff that survived in Hermes' caduceus and the single snake on the Rod of Asclepius.[citation needed]
It has also been suggested that Hezekiah's destruction of the Nehushtan was a result of the balance of power moving towards Assyria, which permitted him to remain on the throne of Judah as a puppet ruler. Hezekiah demonstrated his loyalty to the new regime by the destruction of an important symbol with Egyptian associations. [5]
In the Gospel of John Jesus compared himself to Nehushtan.
"As Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of Man be lifted up, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have eternal life".[6]
Return to Data & Research Compilations
Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 2 guests