by emad » Wed Aug 03, 2005 11:06 am
The children were mainly foreign workers' kids from Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand, Korea, Pakistan, Singapore. Parents working mainly as domestic virtual slave labor for Saudis, often selling or hiring out their kids to brothels and sending their sex wages back home. I'm looking up a reference on this from Middle East Monitor circa 1983 that's on microfiche at the British Library and will post when I can find it.<br><br>A good research site to loo at is:<br><br>The Arabian Connection: The UK Arms Trade to Saudi Arabia Written and researched for CAAT by Chrissie Hirst (ISBN: 0 9506922 5 5)<br><br>SNIP:<br>"The precise terms of Al Yamamah were not disclosed, then or later. It was, nevertheless, understood that all or most of the payment would be in oil. In other words Al Yamamah was a barter deal, which would have been contrary to international trade rules if exceptions were not made for military sales. <br><br>The deal was government-to-government, with the main beneficiary, the recently privatised British Aerospace Company (BAe), in the background to the negotiations. It is evident that the UK government had pulled out all the stops to gain the contract. Whitehall let it be known that the Prime Minister had conducted a "personal sales campaign" (Jane's Defence Weekly, 21.9.85), and Michael Heseltine told the press on 26 September that "one cannot overstate the Prime Minister's contribution". The News of the World, which hailed "Maggie's Bonanza" (29.9.85) was clearly not far from the mark – though a large part was also played by British Aerospace's dedicated salesman, Dick Evans, who has since been rewarded with a knighthood and chairmanship of the company. <br><br> Doubts and Problems [top] <br><br>Not all commentators were so enthusiastic. Initial uneasiness was about the means by which the bonanza had been earned. Allegations of corruption were made within weeks of the signing of the memorandum of understanding. The Guardian published a leading article under the headline "Bribes of £600m in jets deal" on the 21st October. The previous day, Labour's front bench defence spokesman, Mr Denzil Davies, had called on the government to confirm or deny reports that it was to pay secret commissions of between £300-600m to secure the deal with Saudi Arabia. The MoD "refused to comment, although officials said negotiations were still going on" (Guardian, 21.10.85). The Guardian cited Arab sources, who alleged that the commission would be shared between two or three leading members of the royal family, two relatives by marriage of King Fahd and a business agent. <br><br>There were additional doubts over Saudi Arabia's ability to pay. In the early '80s the oil price had collapsed, and Saudi Arabia's oil revenues fell from a peak of $116bn in 1981 to $24bn in 1985. With no sign that either OPEC or non-OPEC producers were preparing to curb production, a further decline seemed inevitable. The Financial Times noted on 29th November 1985 that the country had been in a "deepening depression since mid-1983". Two UK building contractors, John Laing and Wimpey, had just been forced to pull out of Saudi contracts due to non-payment, abandoning projects and flying their staff home. Saudi Arabia's financial situation is never fully publicised, but even from the barest figures made public, Western economists knew that it was already running a current account deficit of $25bn, mainly because of high military spending. It seemed imprudent, to say the least, to enter into a huge new arms commitment."<br><br>AND<br><br>"Continued US Concerns [top] <br><br>In May 1986 the US President suffered a historic defeat on arms sales to Saudi Arabia. Following an adverse Senate vote of 73 to 22, the House of Representatives voted by 352 to 62 against his request to sell $354m worth of missiles. This was well above the two-thirds majority, thus making it impossible for Reagan to override the vote with the presidential veto. The main reason for this was not so much campaigning by the Israeli lobby (which according to The New York Times, a usually pro-Israeli paper, would not have opposed the sale, The Guardian, 8.5.86), but the general feeling in the US that Saudi Arabia had not helped the peace process. In addition there were concerns over Saudi Arabia's public support for Libya after the US air strike, the possibility of the weapons falling into terrorist hands, and the question of whether Saudi Arabia really needed the weapons. <br><br>By the end of the year yet another issue had emerged: the implication of Saudi Arabia in the complex and covert operations that came to be known as 'Iran-Contra' or 'Irangate' because of the political repercussions for the Reagan Administration. <br><br>The Saudi government initially funded Iranian counter-revolutionary groups, not only because of the strategic and ideological threat posed to them by Khomeini's Shi'ite Iran but also to secure US approval for the transfer of AWACS surveillance planes in 1981. This was part of an arrangement drawn up by King Fahd, top Saudi officials and the Reagan administration, whereby Saudi Arabia put millions of dollars into 'resistance' movements favoured by the US, for example in Angola and Afghanistan (Guardian, 1.12.86; Financial Times 5.2.87). <br><br>Colonel Oliver North, a US official involved in these negotiations, now devised a new scheme: sophisticated weaponry would be covertly supplied, not to the opposition, but to the Iranian government, in return for the release of US hostages held by pro-Iranian guerrillas in Lebanon. Deeply involved in this plan, along with retired Israeli and US generals and French, German and Iranian businessmen, was the celebrated Saudi businessman Adnan Kashoggi. Son of a trusted Turkish physician to Ibn Saud, Kashoggi had become invaluable to Saudi royals in their dealings with the West. <br><br>According to Swiss and US sources, one of the companies that organised the deal, Hyde Park Holdings, was allegedly linked with Mohammed Said Ayas, who ran the financial affairs of Prince Mohammed bin Fahd Al Saud and was a "close family friend" of JONATHAN AITKEN (Harding, Leigh and Pallister 1997). It has been suggested that the Al Saud were aware of the shipments to Iran, even if they did not sanction them directly - as "a well-placed Reagan Administration source" quoted by The Guardian (1.12.86) put it, "Adnan Kashoggi does not raise up to $100m for arms dealings without the backing of the Saudi government". The paper concluded that "the Saudis may emerge as having been as important middlemen as the Israelis." <br><br>MORE:<br>See: <!--EZCODE AUTOLINK START--><a href="http://www.caat.org.uk/information/publications/countries/saudi-arabia.php">www.caat.org.uk/informati...arabia.php</a><!--EZCODE AUTOLINK END--><br><br>Aitken fathered Sorayya Khashoggi's daughter Petrina and took over 20 years to admit....and was deeply involved in personal business dealings with Adnan Khashoggi, Saudi Secret Service chief Kamal Adham (also a BCCI director), arms dealer Wafic Said and BAe salesman Dick Evans.<br><br>I'll have a look at some archives of Middle ast Economic Digest that I have copied to see what specifics there are on him in the years you have cited.<br><br>Worth looking at archived material on the UK's Scott Enquiry -Parliament's investigation into Aitken in the arms to Iraq inquiry.<br><br>SNIP from "Dirty trade exposed in Britain's `Iraqgate' "<br>at <!--EZCODE AUTOLINK START--><a href="http://www.greenleft.org.au/back/1996/223/223p22.htm">www.greenleft.org.au/back...223p22.htm</a><!--EZCODE AUTOLINK END--><br><br>"In defiance of UN guidelines, Margaret Thatcher's government in the 1980s, and then John Major's in the 1990s, covertly approved arms sales to Saddam Hussein. These were used in the Iran-Iraq war, against rebel Kurdish villagers and to aid Saddam's nuclear program.<br><br>However, the report, by High Court judge Sir Richard Scott, has caused a political row which goes much deeper. For the inquiry, established by Major in 1992, had unprecedented powers to question witnesses in public, including Major and Thatcher themselves. It revealed a web of conspiracy, intrigue and profiteering going to the heart of government.<br><br>Major's Conservative government survived the February 26 House of Commons debate on Scott by a single vote; several Tories voted with the Labour opposition.<br><br>The origins of the scandal are in the 1980s arms-export drive by Thatcher. Thatcher's son Mark, carrying with him the obvious approval of the "Iron Lady", became an unofficial roaming salesman for British arms companies. Mark Thatcher earned himself an estimated A$160 million in commissions in the process, including up to $40 million from a single deal with Saudi Arabia.<br><br>While sales to most dictatorial regimes caused no particular diplomatic problems (the only protests being from the political left), sales to Iran and Iraq were a different matter. This potentially huge market was stymied by the UN restrictions on sales to both countries, then in the middle of a war in which 1 million people died. The potential loss of the Iraqi market was keenly felt: between 1970 and 1990 Britain supplied the Saddam regime with a vast array of equipment, from VIP armoured cars to tank spares and sophisticated communications equipment.<br><br>It is now known that British firms supplied weapons to both sides in the 1980s by the simple device of sending them to intermediary countries, which then re-exported them. The British company BMARC, of which former Tory minister Jonathan Aitken was a director, supplied hundreds of light naval guns to Singapore -- a country not renowned for the huge size of its navy. Those guns found their way to Iran.<br><br>Favourite staging posts for Iraq-bound weapons were Oman and Jordan. In 1986 Swedish Customs discovered a European cartel, including British firms, supplying explosives via Jordan."<br><br><br><br><br> <p></p><i>Edited by: <A HREF=http://p097.ezboard.com/brigorousintuition.showUserPublicProfile?gid=emad@rigorousintuition>emad</A> at: 8/3/05 9:22 am<br></i>