by Dreams End » Wed May 03, 2006 9:05 pm
I tried to paste this whole article but couldn't get the equations and subscripts to work out. I want you guys to read it and tell me<br><br>a) you know more physics than these guys <br><br>and <br><br>b) Why their analysis is incorrect, providing your own equations, assumptions and computer models in their place. Here's their conclusion:<br><!--EZCODE QUOTE START--><blockquote><strong><em>Quote:</em></strong><hr><br><br>How the airplane wing cut through the exterior columns of the<br>World Trade Center<br>T. Wierzbicki*, X. Teng<br>Department of Ocean Engineering, Impact & Crashworthiness Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Room<br>5-218 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA<br>Received 20 April 2002<br><br>In this paper, we have analyzed the sequential failure of a typical exterior column of the World<br>Trade Center Towers subjected to the impact of the airplane wing traveling at 240m/s. It was<br>found that the fracture process started immediately and continued as plate tearing on the side<br>webs to be completed as tensile/shear fracture on the rear flange. In each stage, the resisting forces<br>arising from plastic deformation and fracture were calculated and the time history of the velocity<br>of the impacting wing section was determined.<br>ARTICLE IN PRESS<br>Fig. 20. Variation of the wing velocity as a function of the cutting time.<br>T. Wierzbicki, X. Teng / International Journal of Impact Engineering ] (]]]]) ]]]–]]]<br>23<br>Page 24<br>The minimum impact velocity to cause fracture was determined from Eq. (24) to be 155m/s.<br>Should the aircraft be traveling not at a cruising speed but at a much lower take-off or landing<br>speed of 200mph (about 100m/s), then the exterior columns would appear to have deflected the<br>wings without fracture.<br>It is concluded that the process of wing cutting through the exterior columns dissipated only<br>1.139MJ of energy. This constitutes only 6.7% of the initial kinetic energy of the wing. The<br>remaining 93.3% of the kinetic energy was then transferred into the interior of the building<br>causing fatal damage to the floors and core structure. The present analysis introduced a<br>substantial correction to the earlier estimate of the energy required to shear the column reported<br>in Ref. [1] but in each case the energy to break the airplane wing through the exterior facade of the<br>Twin Towers is insignificant.<br>The present analysis also suggested that the exterior column would be able to stop the airplane<br>wing or at least prevent a local shear failure if the average flow stress of the material is increased<br>by a factor of two. Thus, had the plane hit the base of the Towers which were made of high<br>strength steel with the yield stress of s<br>y<br>¼ 700 MPa; the airplane might have been deflected by the<br>exterior walls.<br>All of the above conclusions must be treated as tentative because the actual wing was composed<br>of several much thinner members and not one thick beam. Also the effect of the fluid inside the<br>fuel tanks that are placed within the wing boxes is not considered. The analysis of a multiple<br>impact of two hollow beams of a similar strength will be presented in a separate publication<hr></blockquote><!--EZCODE QUOTE END--><br><br><!--EZCODE LINK START--><a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&safe=off&client=firefox-a&q=cache:ByNhX2JGc64J:chemix.no-ip.info/gamekeeper/PDF/How%2520the%2520airplane%2520wing%2520cut%2520through%2520the%2520exterior%2520columns%2520of%2520the%2520World%2520Trade%2520Center,.pdf+author:%22Wierzbicki%22+intitle:%22How+the+airplane+wing+cut+through+the+exterior+columns+...%22+">full artcile</a><!--EZCODE LINK END--><br><br>Feel free not to read it all and look up the various technical terms. But don't DARE say that no one has explained any of this stuff. If you don't WANT to know, that's fine but as I've said, <br><br>Not knowing does not equal not being true. <p></p><i></i>